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WEEK 4. Robots and Androids
Why do we need robots? let's think about it
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Our world is full of robots! They are used:
  • In industrial manufactories
    automated robotic arms at assembly lines
  • At home
    robotic vacuum cleaners
  • In the service industry
    robots in hotels delivering luggage to rooms etc.
  • In elder and hospice care
    robot caregivers helping elderly people feel connected
  • As vehicles
    self-driving cars
  • In the police force
Tilda Publishing
New ethical problems
  • If a human is killed by a robot, whose fault is this: the engineer's, the robot's or the victim's?
  • Can robots love humans? Can humans love robots?
  • Do androids need citizenship and civil rights?
    e.g. Saudi Arabia is the first country to grant citizenship to robots
  • Can robots join a faith?
    Saudi Arabia's Sophia might convert to Islam!
  • Do robots have souls?
Robots
  • Tool/toy ambiguity: they are industrial tools, but they are also able to take care of children
  • Robots as parent figures, companions, lovers and friends
  • Robots are the metaphors for labor and power, as well as an allegory for humanity
  • The use of robots in anime gives us powerful devices for talking about the human without talking about the human
  • What does it mean for a robot to care for human beings, nurture and love them?
  • They are the mirrors of our meanings and values
  • They are also a parable for ethical challenges such as coming of age
Alpha from "Yokohama Kaidashi Kiko" reminds us that the answer to these questions doesn't really matter in the end. In her world, robots and people are more or less the same, and their feelings are the same, too. Therefore, there are no grounds for discrimination.

Now get out of your chair and do some robotic moves! See you later!
Now get out of your chair and do some robotic moves! See you later!
  • Just as they will change healthcare, manufacturing, and the military, robots have the potential to produce big changes in policing. We can expect that at least some robots used by the police in the future will be artificially intelligent machines capable of using legitimate coercive force against human beings. Police robots may decrease dangers to police officers by removing them from potentially volatile situations. Those suspected of crimes may also risk less injury if robots can assist the police in conducting safer detentions, arrests, and searches. At the same time, however, the use of robots introduces new questions about how the law and democratic norms should guide policing decisions—questions which have yet to be addressed in any systematic way. How we design, regulate, or even prohibit some uses of police robots requires a regulatory agenda now to address foreseeable problems of the future
    Joh, Elizabeth E. Policing police robots. UCLA L. Rev. Discourse 64 (2016): 516
  • As an apparent coup d'etat ripples through Saudi Arabia, the rising ruling faction is trying to keep things upbeat by sending bullish signals to the world's mega-rich. Exhibit A is Neom, part of the kingdom's Vision 2030 initiative, a proposed utopian city whose modest slogan is "the world's most ambitious project." Neom imagines itself a swinging, sort-of-liberal international trade center, built from scratch, at a cost of five hundred billion dollars, on the shores of the Red Sea. According to its official Web site, Neom will be an "aspirational society that heralds the future of human civilization," which means, of course, that it will be operated and inhabited by armies of artificially intelligent bots. As part of the rollout for Neom, the Saudis have just granted official state citizenship—a first for planet Earth—to one such machine, named Sophia Robot
    Avi Steinberg. Can a Robot Join the Faith? the new yorker. 2017
  • Saudi Arabia became the first country to grant citizenship to a robot. But it isn't the only Middle East country making strides in AI.
    Suparna Dutt D'Cunha. Oil-Rich Middle East Edging Into AI To Future-Proof Its Economy. forbes, 2018
  • WHEN GIULIO DI Sturco takes a portrait, he tries to capture the essence of his subject—what some might call their soul. But that was impossible with his latest subject, Sophia: She doesn't have one
    LAURA MALLONEE. PHOTOGRAPHING A ROBOT ISN'T JUST POINT AND SHOOT. wired, 2018
  • Hiroshi Ishi­guro builds androids. Beautiful, realistic, uncannily convincing human replicas. Academically, he is using them to understand the mechanics of person-to-person interaction. But his true quest is to untangle the ineffable nature of connection itself
    Alex Mar. love in the time of robots. Wired, 2017
  • As the use of autonomous machines increases in society, so too has the chance of robot-related fatalities
    Ian Tucker. Death by robot: the new mechanised danger in our changing world. the guardian, 2018
  • This bot features iRobot's best vacuuming tech, but at less than half the price
    ADRIENNE SO. REVIEW: IROBOT ROOMBA 690. Wired, 2018
  • TOKYO — Paro the furry seal cries softly while an elderly woman pets it. Pepper, a humanoid, waves while leading a group of senior citizens in exercises. The upright Tree guides a disabled man taking shaky steps, saying in a gentle feminine voice, "right, left, well done!"
    reuters. Aging Japan: Robots May Have Role in Future of Elder Care. voanews, 2018
  • The robots are coming—but they aren't here just yet. There are only three robots per 10,000 employees in India, according to the 2017 World Robot Statistics (pdf) reportissued by non-profit International Federation of Robotics (IFR) on Feb. 07. By comparison, the average robot density in the world was 74 in 2016
    Ananya Bhattacharya. What robots? India's still far from being an automation nation. quartz india, 2018
  • Tomorrow's support-bots will help old folks stay mentally and socially engaged
    Andrew Tarantola. Robot caregivers are saving the elderly from lives of loneliness. engadget, 2017
  • The Henn na – or Weird Hotel – has opened in Japan where guests check in with robots which also deliver their luggage to rooms
    Associated Press. Japan's robot hotel: a dinosaur at reception, a machine for room service. the guardian, 2015
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